The Influence of CSR, Board Gender Diversity, and Cash Holding towards Company Value

Case Study of the Company Listed on the SRI-KEHATI Index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2018-2023

  • Ester Tri Utami Universitas Pembangunan Jaya
  • Irma Paramita Sofia
Keywords: CSR, Board Gender Diversity, Cash Holding, Firm Value, SRI KEHATI

Abstract

In the rise of sustainable and responsible investment, this study aims to analyze and provide empirical evidence about the importance of firm’s CSR activities, board gender diversity, and cash holding in shaping the firms’ value. Those variables aligned with the firm’s performance of social and environmental, corporate governance, and financial aspect, thus suitable to be further analyzed with the study object.

This research uses objects of firms listed in SRI-KEHATI Index listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2018 – 2022. Purposive method is used to select the sample, then the secondary data is collected from Indonesia Stock Exchange and companies’ website before analyzed quantitatively by using E-views.

This research shows evidence that CSR, board gender diversity, and cash holding have significant effect on firm value simultaneously. However, partial testing shows that only the board gender diversity is significantly affected firm value while CSR and cash holding are not. Besides contributing to the literature, this result shows the necessity of firm to perform the best managerial decision in social and environmental, corporate governance, and financial policy as whole. Especially, the diversity of board which plays an important role in governing the firms. This implication also applies to the regulator and investor, in which every stakeholder can encourage awareness of those aspects to maximize the value of sustainable investment.

References

Aboud, A., & Diab, A. (2018). The impact of social, environmental and corporate governance disclosures on firm value. Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 8(4), 442–458. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAEE-08-2017-0079
Agudelo, M. A. L., Jóhannsdóttir, L., & Davídsdóttir, B. (2019). A literature review of the history and evolution of corporate social responsibility. International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40991-018-0039-y
Aljifri, R. (2023). Investor psychology in the stock market: An empirical study of the impact of overconfidence on firm valuation. Borsa Istanbul Review, 23(1), 93–112.
Alnori, F. (2020). Cash holdings: Do they boost or hurt firms’ performance? Evidence from listed non-financial firms in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 13(5), 919–934. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMEFM-08-2019-0338
Anton, S. G., & Nucu, A. E. A. (2019). Firm value and corporate cash holdings. Empirical evidence from the Polish listed firms. E a M: Ekonomie a Management, 22(3), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2019-3-008
Anwar, A., & Gunawan, G. (2020). Can Cash Holding, Bonus Plan, Company Size and Profitability Affect Income Smoothing Practices? Point of View …. http://www.journal.accountingpointofview.id/index.php/povraa/article/view/35
Arayssi, M., & Jizi, M. I. (2019). Does corporate governance spillover firm performance? A study of valuation of MENA companies. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(5), 597–620. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-06-2018-0157
Ardianto, P. (2023, June 2). BRI Boyong Tiga Penghargaan di B-Universe CSR Award 2023. https://www.beritasatu.com/ekonomi/1048500/bri-boyong-tiga-penghargaan-di-buniverse-csr-award-2023
Asante-Darko, D., Adu Bonsu, B., Famiyeh, S., Kwarteng, A., & Goka, Y. (2018). Governance structures, cash holdings and firm value on the Ghana Stock Exchange. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 18(4), 671–685. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-07-2017-0148
Aslam, E., Kalim, R., & Fizza, S. (2019). Do Cash Holding and Corporate Governance Structure Matter for the Performance of Firms? Evidence from KMI 30- and KSE 100-Indexed Firms in Pakistan. Global Business Review, 20(2), 313–330. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918825202
Awal, S. (2022, July 9). Daftar Saham Indeks IDX Sri-Kehati Tahun 2022. https://snips.stockbit.com/investasi/idx-sri-kehati
Bajic, S., & Yurtoglu, B. (2018). Which aspects of CSR predict firm market value? Journal of Capital Markets Studies, 2(1), 50–69. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCMS-10-2017-0002
Beske, F., Haustein, E., & Lorson, P. C. (2020). Materiality analysis in sustainability and integrated reports. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 11(1), 162–186. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-12-2018-0343
Brigham, E. F., & Houston, J. F. (2015). Fundamentals of Financial Management (14th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Buallay, A., Kukreja, G., Aldhaen, E., Al Mubarak, M., & Hamdan, A. M. (2020). Corporate social responsibility disclosure and firms’ performance in Mediterranean countries: a stakeholders’ perspective. EuroMed Journal of Business, 15(3), 361–375. https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-05-2019-0066
Bursa Efek Indonesia. (2022). Panduan Indeks Sri Kehati. https://www.idx.co.id/media/11195/panduan-indeks-sri-kehati_apr22.pdf
Bursa Efek Indonesia. (2023a). Indonesia Stock Exchange Daily Trading Publication. https://www.idx.co.id/id/data-pasar/laporan-statistik/statistik/
Bursa Efek Indonesia. (2023b). Tata Kelola Perusahaan. https://www.idx.co.id/id/tentang-bei/tata-kelola-perusahaan/
Damara, D. (2023). Wijaya Karya (WIKA) Terlilit Utang Rp331 Miliar, Begini Strategi Pelunasan. https://market.bisnis.com/read/20230810/7/1683475/wijaya-karya-wika-terlilit-utang-rp331-miliar-begini-strategi-pelunasan#
Devie, D., Liman, L. P., Tarigan, J., & Jie, F. (2020). Corporate social responsibility, financial performance and risk in Indonesian natural resources industry. Social Responsibility Journal, 16(1), 73–90. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-06-2018-0155
Dowling, J., & J. Pfeffer. (1975). Organizational Legitimacy: Social Values and Organizational Behavior. The Pacific Sociological Review, 18(1), 122–136. https://doi.org/10.2307/1388226
El-Ansary, O., & Hamza, H. F. (2022). The underlying mechanisms of the relationships between corporate financial policies and firm value: flexibility and agency theory perspectives. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-08-2021-0420
ESG Sector Leaders IDX Kehati. (2023). https://esg.idx.co.id/rise-of-esg-investments
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach (Pitman Series in Business and Public Policy). Pitman Publishing.
Ghozali, I., & Chariri, A. (2014). Teori Akuntansi International Financial Reporting System (IFRS) (4th ed.). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Handayani, I. (2022, April 21). Duh, Jumlah Perempuan Dalam Jabatan Eksekutif di Perusahaan Tercatat Masih Minim. Investor.Id. https://investor.id/market-and-corporate/291387/duh-jumlah-perempuan-dalam-jabatan-eksekutif-di-perusahaan-tercatat-masih-minim
Hapsari, T. T. (2021, November 8). Tren Kesetaraan Gender dalam Memikat Investor di Indonesia. IBCWE. https://www.ibcwe.id/event/dets/241
Harefa, T. E. (2023, August 7). Unilever Raih Gold Winner di Ajang Indonesia DEI & ESG Awards (IDEAS) 2023. Investor.Id. https://investor.id/lifestyle/337395/unilever-raih-gold-winner-di-ajang-indonesia-dei-esg-awards-ideas-2023
Harun, M. S., Hussainey, K., Mohd Kharuddin, K. A., & Farooque, O. Al. (2020). CSR Disclosure, Corporate Governance and Firm Value: a study on GCC Islamic Banks. International Journal of Accounting and Information Management, 28(4), 607–638. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-08-2019-0103
He, L., He, R., & Evans, E. (2020). Board influence on a firm’s long-term success: Australian evidence. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2020.100327
Ho, A. Y.-F., Liang, H.-Y., & Tumurbaatar, T. (2019a). The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Financial Performance: Evidence from Commercial Banks in Mongolia. In Advances in Pacific Basin Business, Economics and Finance (Vol. 7, pp. 109–153). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2514-465020190000007006
Ho, A. Y.-F., Liang, H.-Y., & Tumurbaatar, T. (2019b). The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Financial Performance: Evidence from Commercial Banks in Mongolia (pp. 109–153). https://doi.org/10.1108/s2514-465020190000007006
Ho, A. Y.-F., Liang, H.-Y., & Tumurbaatar, T. (2019c). The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Financial Performance: Evidence from Commercial Banks in Mongolia (pp. 109–153). https://doi.org/10.1108/s2514-465020190000007006
Jabbouri, I., & Almustafa, H. (2021). Corporate cash holdings, firm performance and national governance: evidence from emerging markets. International Journal of Managerial Finance, 17(5), 783–801. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMF-07-2020-0342
Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). THEORY OF THE FIRM: MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR, AGENCY COSTS AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE. In Journal of Financial Economics (Vol. 3). Q North-Holland Publishing Company.
Kahloul, I., Sbai, H., & Grira, J. (2022). Does Corporate Social Responsibility reporting improve financial performance? The moderating role of board diversity and gender composition. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 84, 305–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2022.03.001
La Rocca, M., & Cambrea, D. R. (2019). The effect of cash holdings on firm performance in large Italian companies. Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting, 30(1), 30–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/jifm.12090
Lim, K. P., Lye, C.-T., Yuen, Y. Y., & Teoh, W. M. Y. (2019). Women directors and performance: evidence from Malaysia. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 38(8), 841–856. https://doi.org/10.1108/EDI-02-2019-0084
Lismawati, S. R., Utomo, C. H., & Fauziah, F. (2022). Influence of Cash Holding and Dividend Against Firm Value on Property Company and Real Estate Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. International Journal of Quantitative Research and Modeling, 3(2), 87–93. https://journal.rescollacomm.com/index.php/ijqrm/index
Malik, A. (2022, March 22). BEI: Minat Masyarakat Meningkat, Dana Kelolaan Reksadana ESG Naik Drastis. https://www-bareksa-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/www.bareksa.com/berita/reksa-dana/2022-03-22/bei-minat-masyarakat-meningkat-dana-kelolaan-reksadana-esg-naik-drastis/amp?amp_gsa=1&_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_ct=1678890755462&_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=16788907423732&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&share=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bareksa.com%2Fberita%2Freksa-dana%2F2022-03-22%2Fbei-minat-masyarakat-meningkat-dana-kelolaan-reksadana-esg-naik-drastis
Mangantar, M. (2017). VALUE OF THE COMPANY (A Review of Literature). Journal of Research in Business, Economics and Management. www.scitecresearch.com/journals/index.php/jrbem/index
Mintah, P. A., & Schadewitz, H. (2019). Gender diversity and firm value: evidence from UK financial institutions. International Journal of Accounting & Information Management, 27(1), 2–26. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-06-2017-0073
Morris, R. D. (1987). Signalling, Agency Theory and Accounting Policy Choice. Accounting and Business Research, 18(69), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.1987.9729347
Ong, E. (2017). Technical Analysis for Mega Profit. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Pramisti, N. Q. (2019, December 9). Kemelut Saham Garuda Indonesia yang Masih Terpuruk Sejak IPO. Tirto.Id. https://tirto.id/kemelut-saham-garuda-indonesia-yang-masih-terpuruk-sejak-ipo-em51
Pucheta-Martínez, M. C., Bel-Oms, I., & Olcina-Sempere, G. (2018). The association between board gender diversity and financial reporting quality, corporate performance and corporate social responsibility disclosure. Academia Revista Latinoamericana de Administración, 31(1), 177–194. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARLA-04-2017-0110
Puspadini, M. (2023, July 18). Vale (INCO) Gasak Hutan Rakyat, Dituding Rusak Ekosistem. CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/market/20230718080035-17-455206/vale--inco--gasak-hutan-rakyat-dituding-rusak-ekosistem
Rachman, A. (2022). Utang Ancol Menumpuk sampai Rp 1,4 Triliun, Bagaimana Cara Bayarnya? https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1622314/utang-ancol-menumpuk-sampai-rp-14-triliun-bagaimana-cara-bayarnya
Ramadhani, P. I. (2021, December 22). OJK: Kontribusi Perempuan di Jajaran Komisaris dan Direksi Masih di Bawah 50 Persen. Liputan6. https://www.liputan6.com/saham/read/4830304/ojk-kontribusi-perempuan-di-jajaran-komisaris-dan-direksi-masih-di-bawah-50-persen
Ramadhansari, I. F. (2022, May 30). Pilah-pilih Reksa Dana, Produk Berbasis ESG Semakin Menarik? https://m-bisnis-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/m.bisnis.com/amp/read/20220530/92/1537969/pilah-pilih-reksa-dana-produk-berbasis-esg-semakin-menarik?amp_gsa=1&_js_v=a9&usqp=mq331AQIUAKwASCAAgM%3D#amp_ct=1678891201201&_tf=From%20%251%24s&aoh=16788907423732&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com
Riset CNBC Indonesia. (2023, June 8). Jauhi Saham INCO, Kinerja Memble, Konsesi Mau Habis! CNBC Indonesia. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/research/20230607174651-128-443935/jauhi-saham-inco-kinerja-memble-konsesi-mau-habis
Santosa, U. A. (2023, August 22). Kinerja Keuangan, Prospek, dan Harga Saham GIAA. Bmoney. https://bmoney.id/blog/saham-giaa-121948
Senorita, Z. (2023, May 31). BCA Sabet CSR Awards 2023 sebagai Integrated CSR Initiative. https://investor.id/business/330984/bca-sabet-csr-awards-2023-sebagai-integrated-csr-initiative
Siaran Pers BNI. (2022, September 22). BNI Raih Apresiasi TJSL BUMN Award 2022, Sokong Ekonomi Community. https://www.bni.co.id/id-id/beranda/kabar-bni/berita/articleid/21634
Song, H. J., Yoon, Y. N., & Kang, K. H. (2020). The relationship between board diversity and firm performance in the lodging industry: The moderating role of internationalization. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102461
Syah, M. F. (2023, May 25). Korporasi Terlibat dalam Kredit Sindikasi Proyek PLTU Adaro, LSM Lingkungan Tuding BNI Lakukan Greenwashing. https://www.trenasia.com/terlibat-dalam-kredit-sindikasi-proyek-pltu-adaro-lsm-lingkungan-tuding-bni-lakukan-greenwashing
Temprano, M. A. F., & Gaite, F. T. (2020). Types of director, board diversity and firm performance. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 20(2), 324–342. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-03-2019-0096
World Economic Forum. (2023). Future of Jobs Report 2023. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of- jobs-report-2023/
Yayasan Kehati. (2021). Index Sri Kehati. https://kehati.or.id/en/index-sri-kehati/
Yogiswari, N. L. P. P., & Badera, I. D. N. (2019). Pengaruh Board Diversity Pada Nilai Perusahaan Dalam Perspektif Corporate Governance. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 2070. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2019.v26.i03.p15
Published
2024-06-29
How to Cite
Utami, E., & Sofia, I. (2024). The Influence of CSR, Board Gender Diversity, and Cash Holding towards Company Value. JASS (Journal of Accounting for Sustainable Society), 6(1), 49-63. https://doi.org/10.35310/jass.v6i1.1237
Section
Table of Contents